D.Pharmacy 2nd Part Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology Notes & Important Question Answer
D.Pharma 2nd Year Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology Important Topics With All The Important Question And Answer Are Publish Here Download the Pdf and Give boost To Your Preparation. Stay Connected with us for your future examination all the important content will publish here . Your Full Pharmacy Syllabus will Be published here.
D.Pharmacy 2nd Year Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology :- Chapter 1. Introduction to Biochemistry
Scope of biochemistry in pharmacy
Cell and its biochemical organization
D.Pharmacy 2nd Year Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology :- Chapter 2. Carbohydrates
Definition, classification with examples, chemical structure
Monosaccharides – Structure of glucose, fructose, and galactose
Disaccharides – Structure of maltose, lactose, and sucrose
Polysaccharides – Chemical nature of starch and glycogen
Qualitative tests and biological role of carbohydrates
D.Pharmacy 2nd Year Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology :- Chapter 3. Proteins
Definition, classification of proteins based on composition and solubility with examples
Definition, classification of amino acids based on chemical nature and nutritional requirements with examples
Structure of proteins (four levels of organization of protein structure)
Qualitative tests and biological role of proteins and amino acids
Diseases related to malnutrition of proteins
D.Pharmacy 2nd Year Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology :- Chapter 4. Lipids
Definition, classification with examples
Structure and properties of triglycerides (oils and fats)
Fatty acid classification – Based on chemical and nutritional requirements with examples
Structure and functions of cholesterol in the body
Lipoproteins – Types, composition and functions in the body
Qualitative tests and functions of lipids
D.Pharmacy 2nd Year Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology :- Chapter 5. Nucleic Acids
Definition, purine and pyrimidine bases
Components of nucleosides and nucleotides with examples
Structure of DNA (Watson and Crick model), RNA and their functions
D.Pharmacy 2nd Year Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology :- Chapter 6. Enzymes
Definition, properties and IUB and MB classification
Factors affecting enzyme activity
Mechanism of action of enzymes, Enzyme inhibitors
Therapeutic and pharmaceutical importance of enzymes
D.Pharmacy 2nd Year Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology :- Chapter 7. Vitamins
Definition and classification with examples
Functions, chemical nature, solubility, coenzyme form, recommended dietary requirements, deficiency diseases of fat and water soluble vitamins
D.Pharmacy 2nd Year Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology :- Chapter 8. Metabolism (Study of cycle/pathways without chemical structures)
Metabolism of Carbohydrates: Glycolysis, TCA cycle and glycogen metabolism, regulation of blood glucose level. Diseases related to abnormal metabolism of Carbohydrates
Metabolism of lipids: Lipolysis, ß-oxidation of Fatty acid (Palmitic acid) ketogenesis and ketolysis. Diseases related to abnormal metabolism of lipids such as Ketoacidosis, Fatty liver, Hypercholesterolemia
Metabolism of Amino acids (Proteins): General reactions of amino acids and their significance - Transamination, deamination, Urea cycle and decarboxylation. Diseases related to abnormal metabolism of amino acids. Disorders of amino acid metabolism – phenylketonuria, alkaptonuria and albinism
Biological oxidation: Electron transport chain and Oxidative phosphorylation
D.Pharmacy 2nd Year Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology :- Chapter 9. Minerals
Types, Functions, Deficiency diseases, recommended dietary requirements
D.Pharmacy 2nd Year Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology :- Chapter 10. Water and Electrolytes
Distribution, functions of water in the body
Water turnover and balance
Electrolyte composition of the body fluids, Dietary intake of electrolyte and Electrolyte balance
Dehydration, causes of dehydration and oral rehydration therapy
D.Pharmacy 2nd Year Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology :- Chapter 11. Introduction to Biotechnology
D.Pharmacy 2nd Year Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology :- Chapter 12. Organ Function Tests
Functions of kidneys and routinely performed tests to assess the functions of kidney and their clinical significance
Functions of liver and routinely performed tests to assess the functions of liver and their clinical significance
D.Pharmacy 2nd Year Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology :- Chapter 13. Introduction to Pathology of Blood and Urine
Lymphocytes and Platelets, their role in health and disease
Erythrocytes – Abnormal cells and their significance
Normal and Abnormal constituents of Urine and their significance
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